We are looking for a detail-oriented Accounting Assistant to join our team in Woburn, Massachusetts. In this Contract to permanent position, you will play a vital part in maintaining the accuracy and efficiency of various accounting processes. The ideal candidate will bring strong organizational skills, a commitment to precision, and a proactive approach to problem-solving.<br><br>Responsibilities:<br>• Enter and process invoices accurately and efficiently to maintain up-to-date records.<br>• Perform thorough data entry tasks to ensure all financial information is properly documented.<br>• Reconcile accounts and resolve discrepancies to support accurate financial reporting.<br>• Utilize CRM systems to manage customer and vendor information effectively.<br>• Communicate with vendors to address inquiries and ensure timely resolution of issues.<br>• Assist with general administrative tasks related to accounting operations.<br>• Support the preparation of financial reports as needed.<br>• Collaborate with team members to improve processes and workflows.<br>• Maintain confidentiality and adhere to company policies regarding financial data.
<p>Growing Consulting Company with 50+ year history and leader in their industry located in the Woburn area is looking for Accounting Manager/ Controller to join the leadership team. This will be the # 1 Finance person reporting into the owner managing a small staff. This role will have complete ownership of all financial reporting, transactional accounting activities including accounts payable, accounts receivable, billing, expense reports, order entry and human resources and payroll functions. Other duties include cash management/reporting, financial analysis, internal controls, tax and insurance reporting and point person dealing with outside CPA firm. This is an excellent opportunity to join a growing and very stable company in a “hands on” leadership role. Experience working in a small company environment required, previous experience with payroll and human resources duties preferred. Deltek and advanced Excel knowledge is highly desired. Hybrid availability offered (1-2 days from home) once up to speed. If interested, reach out to Dino Valeri at dino.valeri@roberthalf;com or message me thru LinkedIn. </p>
<p>We are looking for an experienced and detail-oriented Bookkeeper to join our team on a long-term contract basis. This role is offering flexibility while requiring strong time management and independent work skills. Based in Dover, New Hampshire, you will play a crucial role in supporting our growing practice in the tax consulting industry.</p><p><br></p><p>Responsibilities:</p><p>• Manage day-to-day bookkeeping tasks, including accounts payable (AP) and accounts receivable (AR).</p><p>• Perform accurate bank reconciliations to ensure financial records are up-to-date.</p><p>• Utilize QuickBooks Online to maintain and organize financial data effectively.</p><p>• Track and manage inventory and cost accounting processes, including pricing goods sold.</p><p>• Coordinate external systems for point-of-sale and inventory management.</p><p>• Collaborate with other bookkeepers and administrative staff to streamline financial operations.</p><p>• Ensure compliance with company policies and accounting standards.</p><p>• Independently structure work schedules to meet deadlines and prioritize tasks effectively.</p><p>• Provide timely and detailed financial reports to support decision-making.</p><p>• Adapt to a growing practice and contribute to process improvements where needed.</p>
We are looking for a detail-oriented Bookkeeper to support our plumbing business in Boston, Massachusetts. This position involves a blend of administrative and financial tasks, ensuring smooth office operations and accurate accounting records. The ideal candidate will have excellent organizational skills and a proven ability to manage diverse responsibilities with precision.<br><br>Responsibilities:<br>• Schedule and coordinate service appointments while handling incoming calls professionally.<br>• Provide administrative support to maintain efficient office operations.<br>• Manage accounts payable and receivable processes, including creating estimates and invoices.<br>• Perform job costing and ensure financial records are accurate and up-to-date.<br>• Assist in preparing monthly closings and reconciling bank statements.<br>• Utilize accounting software to streamline bookkeeping tasks and maintain records.<br>• Support the team by creating and maintaining organized documentation systems.<br>• Collaborate with other staff members to improve workflows and enhance operational efficiency.
<p>We’re seeking an experienced Vice President, Commercial Loan Officer to manage and grow a dynamic commercial business portfolio. You will be responsible for developing new lending opportunities, maintaining strong business relationships, and delivering financial solutions that help our members and local businesses thrive. This position is based in Lowell, MA and reports to the Vice President of Commercial Lending & Business Services.</p><p><br></p><p><strong><u>Key Responsibilities:</u></strong></p><p>- Develop and retain commercial lending and deposit relationships with business members</p><p>- Generate, underwrite, and manage a robust pipeline of commercial loans, ensuring regulatory compliance and adherence to internal policies</p><p>- Assess loan applications by analyzing tax, financial, and credit information; evaluate risks, cash flow, collateral, and profitability</p><p>- Conduct annual reviews and site visits to verify compliance and ensure the health of the loan portfolio</p><p>- Resolve delinquencies and address member issues with empathy, patience, and professionalism</p><p>- Identify cross-selling opportunities and support broader department growth strategies</p>
We are looking for a skilled Cost Accountant to join our team on a long-term contract basis. In this role, you will play a key part in analyzing and managing costs within a manufacturing environment, ensuring accurate financial reporting and supporting organizational decision-making. This position is based in Waltham, Massachusetts, and offers an excellent opportunity to work in a collaborative and dynamic setting.<br><br>Responsibilities:<br>• Analyze and manage manufacturing costs to ensure accurate reporting and budgeting.<br>• Develop and maintain standard cost accounting systems to streamline processes.<br>• Conduct detailed cost analyses to identify trends and areas for improvement.<br>• Prepare financial reports related to cost accounting for management review.<br>• Collaborate with cross-functional teams to support cost control and efficiency initiatives.<br>• Monitor and update cost standards to reflect changes in production and market conditions.<br>• Ensure compliance with internal policies and external regulations in all cost accounting activities.<br>• Identify cost-saving opportunities and implement strategies to optimize expenditures.<br>• Support audits by providing necessary cost-related documentation and explanations.<br>• Provide insights and recommendations to improve overall cost management practices.
<p>We are seeking a detail-oriented and proactive Accountant / Bookkeeper to manage day-to-day accounting operations and support key financial processes. This role will be responsible for maintaining accurate financial records, assisting with the month-end close process, and coordinating with an external accounting/CPA firm. Supervisory experience and the ability to oversee a small administrative or accounting support staff is preferred.</p><p><br></p><p>Key Responsibilities</p><ul><li>Handle daily accounting operations, including accounts payable, accounts receivable, bank reconciliations, credit card reconciliation, general ledger postings, and expense tracking.</li><li>Maintain accurate and up-to-date financial records in the accounting system.</li><li>Support the month-end and year-end close processes by preparing journal entries, reconciliations, and financial reports.</li><li>Collaborate with a third-party accounting or CPA firm to ensure compliance, timely reporting, and accurate financial statements.</li><li>Assist in preparing financial analyses, cash flow summaries, and ad hoc reports to support management decision-making.</li><li>Oversee and provide guidance to a small support staff (e.g., clerical, AR/AP support), ensuring smooth workflow and adherence to accounting procedures.</li><li>Maintain and improve accounting policies, procedures, and internal controls.</li><li>Respond to internal and external inquiries related to accounting and financial documentation.</li></ul><p><br></p>
<p><strong>Robert Half Legal Permanent Placement</strong> is looking for a detail-oriented Legal Assistant to join our client's <strong>Boston</strong> team. This role is ideal for someone with experience in litigation practices, who thrives in a fast-paced environment and is eager to contribute to the efficient management of legal operations. As a Legal Assistant, you will play a vital role in supporting attorneys through administrative, billing, and document preparation tasks. <strong>This is 5 days in the office - downtown location.</strong></p><p><br></p><p>Responsibilities:</p><p>• Manage legal billing processes, including bookkeeping and tracking receivables and payables.</p><p>• Prepare and analyze financial reports related to receivables and payables.</p><p>• Coordinate and maintain accurate scheduling through calendaring for attorneys and legal proceedings.</p><p>• Assist with the preparation, organization, and review of legal documents to ensure accuracy and compliance.</p><p>• Handle administrative tasks to support the overall workflow of the litigation team.</p><p>• Conduct e-filing for court documents and maintain up-to-date records of filings.</p><p>• Facilitate civil litigation processes by ensuring all required documentation is completed and submitted on time.</p><p>• Monitor deadlines and court schedules to ensure timely filings and compliance.</p><p>• Collaborate with attorneys to ensure seamless communication and document management.</p>
We are looking for a motivated and detail-oriented Associate to join our Portfolio Support team in Boston, Massachusetts. This role involves collaborating with deal teams, portfolio company leaders, and consultants to drive operational improvements, enhance value creation, and optimize resources across a diverse portfolio. As an Associate, you will contribute to analyzing performance metrics, streamlining processes, and building scalable systems to support the team's growth.<br><br>Responsibilities:<br>• Collaborate with portfolio companies and investment teams to support initiatives in areas such as Responsible Investment and Human Capital.<br>• Conduct analytical projects to align key stakeholders, including portfolio executives, internal teams, and external consultants.<br>• Prepare presentations and materials for strategic meetings, such as annual general meetings or executive summits.<br>• Manage and expand executive networks by coordinating agendas and facilitating knowledge sharing among functional groups.<br>• Track and evaluate portfolio company performance using KPIs, providing actionable insights to enhance decision-making.<br>• Develop and implement improved reporting systems to support executive-level decisions.<br>• Review and refine internal workflows to increase efficiency and scalability, leveraging tools like automation where applicable.<br>• Maintain high-quality data organization within systems such as Salesforce, Power BI, and project management tools.<br>• Support responsible investment reporting by preparing required documentation and reports.<br>• Analyze data trends to create scalable models for ongoing updates and ad hoc requests.
We are looking for an experienced Tax Director or Tax Manager to join our dynamic team in Boston, Massachusetts. In this role, you will serve as a trusted advisor to clients, offering innovative solutions for complex tax challenges while ensuring compliance with regulatory standards. Your expertise will play a key role in helping clients achieve their business goals through strategic tax planning, risk management, and forward-looking insights.<br><br>Responsibilities:<br>• Manage a diverse portfolio of clients, delivering exceptional service tailored to their needs.<br>• Oversee the preparation, review, and timely filing of various tax forms to ensure accuracy and compliance.<br>• Provide expert consultation on complex tax provisions and support clients on intricate engagements.<br>• Research and stay informed on evolving tax regulations, delivering actionable insights and guidance.<br>• Develop and implement efficient processes to improve project outcomes and departmental workflows.<br>• Mentor and guide team members to foster their growth and enhance overall team performance.<br>• Build and maintain strong client relationships, offering strategic advice to address their unique tax challenges.<br>• Lead business development efforts to expand the firm's reach and contribute to its growth.<br>• Manage financial aspects of engagements, including budgets, billing, and collections.<br>• Drive innovation in tax planning strategies to optimize outcomes for clients.
We are looking for an Accounts Payable Coordinator to join our team at a mission-driven nonprofit organization in Concord, New Hampshire. This role offers an excellent opportunity for individuals seeking to grow their accounting skills while contributing to meaningful work. The ideal candidate will oversee the full accounts payable cycle, maintain vendor records, and ensure compliance with financial procedures.<br><br>Responsibilities:<br>• Manage the full cycle of accounts payable, including invoice entry, check runs, and electronic funds transfers (EFTs).<br>• Maintain accurate vendor information and records within the accounting system.<br>• Track credit card receipts from staff and prepare monthly expense journal entries.<br>• Respond to inquiries related to accounts payable and resolve any discrepancies.<br>• Oversee petty cash management and ensure proper documentation.<br>• Process stop payments for lost checks and address issues with stale-dated checks.<br>• Ensure compliance with 1099 reporting and year-end financial processes.<br>• Create Pre Note files for direct deposit setups and perform related administrative tasks.<br>• Assist with additional accounting duties as assigned.
<p>Robert Half’s client is looking for a Copywriter for a 3+ month contract in Boston. This is a 40-hour-per-week opportunity. The Copywriter will create compelling, thoughtful content for commercial banking and financial services clients, ensuring messaging resonates with sophisticated audiences. Projects will focus on B2B and B2B2C content across platforms, including social media, email, landing pages, and web copy. This role is ideal for candidates with experience in the financial services or technology sectors who enjoy distilling complex concepts into digestible, engaging content. Interested candidates should provide a portfolio of relevant writing samples in addition to resume.</p><p><br></p><p>Key Responsibilities:</p><ul><li>Write and edit content for digital platforms, including email, social media, web, and landing pages</li><li>Translate complex financial and technological topics into clear, impactful messaging</li><li>Build content strategies that align with client goals and industry trends</li><li>Collaborate with internal teams to ensure brand voice consistency</li><li>Adapt tone and writing style for B2B and B2B2C audiences</li></ul><p><br></p>
We are looking for an experienced Accounts Payable Supervisor/Manager to oversee and enhance our full-cycle accounts payable operations. This role is essential for maintaining accuracy, compliance, and efficiency in payment processes while fostering strong relationships with vendors and internal teams. The ideal candidate will have a proven track record in managing high volumes of invoices and implementing process improvements.<br><br>Responsibilities:<br>• Supervise the full accounts payable cycle, including invoice review, coding, and payment processing.<br>• Monitor high volumes of invoices to ensure accuracy and timely approvals in line with company policies.<br>• Resolve payment discrepancies by collaborating with vendors and internal departments.<br>• Manage payments through various methods, including checks, ACH, wire transfers, and foreign currency transactions.<br>• Ensure compliance with tax regulations and internal policies, including timely preparation of 1099 and 1042 tax filings.<br>• Review accounts payable processes for accuracy and recommend improvements to enhance efficiency.<br>• Implement new technologies and systems to streamline payment workflows.<br>• Provide customer support and guidance on accounts payable policies and procedures.<br>• Generate detailed reports and analyses to support financial decision-making.<br>• Train and educate staff on accounts payable policies and best practices.
We are looking for a detail-oriented Accounts Receivable Clerk to join our team in Danvers, Massachusetts. This contract-to-permanent position offers an excellent opportunity to contribute to financial operations by ensuring accurate and timely processing of transactions. The ideal candidate will thrive in a fast-paced environment and possess strong organizational and analytical skills.<br><br>Responsibilities:<br>• Process invoices and ensure their accuracy and compliance with company policies.<br>• Record and post payments in a timely manner to maintain up-to-date financial records.<br>• Conduct reconciliations of accounts to ensure proper balance and accuracy.<br>• Perform data entry tasks to support the financial department and maintain organized records.<br>• Assist with month-end closing procedures to ensure timely reporting.<br>• Utilize accounting software and systems to manage transactions efficiently.<br>• Communicate with vendors and stakeholders to resolve discrepancies.<br>• Monitor accounts payable activities and ensure adherence to deadlines.<br>• Prepare reports and documentation to support audits and reviews.<br>• Collaborate with team members to streamline processes and improve efficiency.
<p>Robert Half has partnered with an established <strong>CPA firm</strong> in Portland, Maine to locate a <strong>Tax Manager</strong> for a full-time position with benefits.</p><p><br></p><p>REMOTE option for candidates out-of-state, Eastern time zone preferred.</p><p>Some hybrid for Maine candidates, willing to discuss more remote depending on distance.</p><p><br></p><p>The ideal <strong>Tax Manager </strong>candidate will have the following experience:</p><p><br></p><ul><li>Bachelor's or Master's Degree in Accounting / Taxation or related field.</li><li>5+ years experience working in public accounting / CPA firm - required</li><li>CPA -or- EA required</li><li>Leadership experience - does not manage staff, but oversees tax return process. (review/sign-off)</li><li>Solid understanding of tax for both individuals and small business returns.</li></ul><p><br></p><p>Employer offers excellent benefits including:</p><p>Free Parking, Health, Dental, 401k with match.</p><p>Extra days off in the summer for work life balance and more.</p><p>Remote or hybrid schedule options.</p><p><br></p><p>For consideration, please apply online with resume.</p><p><br></p><p>Jennifer Thompson</p><p>Robert Half Finance & Accounting - Permanent Placement</p>
We are looking for a dedicated and detail-oriented Operations and Client Services Associate to join our team in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. This role is ideal for someone with strong organizational skills, a client-focused mindset, and excellent communication abilities. If you are passionate about delivering exceptional service and thrive in a fast-paced environment, we encourage you to apply.<br><br>Responsibilities:<br>• Provide accurate and timely data entry to support operational processes.<br>• Assist with administrative tasks to ensure smooth day-to-day office functions.<br>• Maintain confidentiality while handling sensitive client information.<br>• Collaborate with team members to deliver high-quality service to clients.<br>• Adapt to new technologies and software to enhance efficiency.<br>• Organize and prioritize tasks to meet deadlines and maintain workflow.<br>• Respond to client inquiries professionally and promptly.<br>• Support financial services operations with attention to detail and accuracy.<br>• Uphold ethical standards and demonstrate integrity in all interactions.
<p>Our client one of the oldest Credit Unions in the area is looking to add a new Business Development Officer to their team. As a Business Development Officer, you will play a key role in growing and retaining business banking deposit relationships and commercial lending portfolios. You’ll identify and convert new business opportunities, build strong relationships with local businesses, and serve as a trusted financial advisor—delivering solutions that help our members and strengthen our community.</p><p><br></p><p><strong><u>Key Responsibilities:</u></strong></p><ul><li>Develop and implement strategic plans for business deposit growth and market expansion.</li><li>Identify, pursue, and convert new business members through networking, outreach, and partnerships.</li><li>Actively cross-sell business banking products (deposits, merchant services, treasury management, commercial loans).</li><li>Manage a pipeline of prospective clients; provide ongoing relationship management for existing members.</li><li>Collaborate with retail banking and other departments to ensure a holistic relationship banking experience.</li><li>Handle commercial lending needs, ensuring efficient processing and follow-up.</li><li>Represent the Credit Union at business events, community activities, and network with local professionals.</li><li>Maintain up-to-date expertise on business banking products, market conditions, and emerging technologies.</li><li>Track and report on individual performance and market trends, ensuring alignment with departmental goals.</li></ul>
<p>Global Manufacturing Company with expanding North American Operations in the Woburn area seeks an Assistant Controller to support a rapidly growing business segment. This position will report into a Head of Finance, manage a team of 5 responsible for driving the day-to day accounting and financial reporting processes supporting multi-site locations. The Assistant Controller will be involved in monthly reporting, financial statement preparation, account analysis, technical accounting issues, staff development, business partnering with operations teams and will be the point person with all SOX and internal control initiatives taking place. BS Degree required, MBA or CPA preferred with 8+ years of strong GAAP, financial reporting, technical accounting, audit and SOX experience. Previous Manufacturing or Distribution industry experience desired within a multi-national publicly traded company. Strong leadership and Business Partnering skills needed as well as this position will be a key member of Finance team. This is a very exciting time to be joining this firm that is built out for expansion with aggressive growth plans over the next 3-5 years. Excellent benefits here including strong CTO plan, 8% 401K match program and remote flexibility (2 days from home). If interested, reach out to dino.valeri@roberthalf;com or message me thru LinkedIn. </p><p><br></p>
<p>We are looking for a detail-oriented Data Entry Clerk in Northfield, New Hampshire. In this long-term contract position, you will play a key role in ensuring the accurate input and organization of client information and financial records. This opportunity is ideal for individuals who excel in precision and organization.</p><p><br></p><p>Responsibilities:</p><p>• Input client details, financial information, and supporting tax data into specialized software with exceptional accuracy.</p><p>• Review source documents to confirm completeness and adherence to proper formatting standards.</p><p>• Organize and maintain digital records of client tax-related documents for easy access and retrieval.</p><p>• Cross-check entered data against original forms such as W-2s, 1099s, receipts, and financial statements to ensure accuracy.</p><p>• Identify and flag missing details or inconsistencies to support tax preparers in resolving discrepancies.</p><p>• Maintain a high level of confidentiality when handling sensitive client information.</p><p>• Collaborate with the team to meet deadlines and ensure seamless data preparation processes.</p><p>• Perform additional administrative tasks related to data entry as required.</p>
<p>We have partnered with an extremely stable yet growing architecture & design firm. They are seeking their accounting leader within the group. This role is the top financial accountant within the organization and will be partnering with senior leadership. They are operating on a hybrid office schedule and this role pays from $150 - 170K + bonus + profit share</p><p><br></p><p>Please message me on linkedin or email me for more information john.holtman@roberthalf</p><p><br></p><ul><li>Leads all activities related to month-end close, including journal entries, reconciliations, and reporting</li><li>Oversees and streamlines client billing processes to ensure timely and accurate invoicing in accordance with contract terms and project milestones</li><li>Manages cash flow, accounts receivable, and accounts payable in collaboration with team members</li><li>Reviews and approves monthly financial statements developed by project accountant.</li><li>Managing a team</li><li>Quarterly financial reporting</li><li>Business Partnering</li></ul><p><br></p><p><br></p>
<p>Our client is a highly sought-after Wealth Management firm in Boston and looking to add a Registered Client Service Associate to the team.</p><p>Essential tasks include client account servicing, new account opening, assisting with financial professional transitions, and office administrative duties. Personal career growth initiative, as well as strong collaboration and communication skills, are highly valued.</p><p>Ideal candidate will bring 2+ years of experience in a similar role, FINRA Series 7 and ideally Series 66 (63/65).</p><p>Please reach out to Thatiane Abrantes for more details. Thank you!</p>
<p>My client, a Mid-Size Publicly Traded company is hiring an Assistant Controller to join the company. The Assistant Controller will report to the CAO and handle all things related to operational Accounting. In this position, you will oversee a team of 20 along with 4 direct reports and will oversee all the operational accounting functions. Compensation for this position is $190-225K + 25% Bonus + Free Healthcare + a possibility for a sign on bonus if leaving behind a year end bonus. This company is very stable, has been growing consistently for a while now, they have excellent office space in a great part of Boston, offer tons of growth potential, excellent benefits, a great culture of very intelligent people and a hybrid working arrangement.</p><p><br></p><p>If interested in hearing more, please email your resume to matthew.katz@roberthalf or message me on Linkedin ASAP. Thank you.</p>
We are looking for a meticulous and customer-focused Senior Banking Specialist to join our team in Stoneham, Massachusetts. In this role, you will play a critical part in delivering outstanding banking services, supporting branch operations, and ensuring customers have an exceptional experience. This position offers opportunities for growth, competitive compensation, and excellent benefits, including yearly bonuses and a robust 401(k) match.<br><br>Responsibilities:<br>• Provide personalized service to customers by understanding and addressing their financial needs.<br>• Process a variety of financial transactions, including deposits, withdrawals, and account management, with accuracy and efficiency.<br>• Assist in the onboarding and training of branch staff while promoting teamwork and collaboration.<br>• Open and manage customer accounts, educate clients on digital banking tools, and assist with loan applications.<br>• Ensure adherence to banking regulations, internal policies, and security protocols.<br>• Contribute to achieving branch sales targets and performance goals.<br>• Participate in community outreach initiatives through volunteer activities and events.
<p>We are looking for a detail-oriented Accounts Receivable Clerk in Hudson, New Hampshire. In this long-term contract position, you will play a vital role in ensuring accurate financial processes and maintaining strong customer relationships. This opportunity is ideal for individuals who thrive in a fast-paced environment and are eager to contribute to the success of our accounting operations.</p><p><br></p><p>Responsibilities:</p><p>• Monitor and organize aging reports to track outstanding customer invoices effectively.</p><p>• Perform precise data entry tasks to maintain up-to-date records in internal systems.</p><p>• Investigate and resolve account discrepancies, ensuring accurate invoice statuses.</p><p>• Provide support to the collections team by preparing necessary documentation and managing follow-ups.</p><p>• Handle outbound collections calls to recover outstanding balances as needed.</p><p>• Collaborate with team members to improve billing and cash application processes.</p><p>• Assist in maintaining compliance with company policies and procedures related to accounts receivable.</p><p>• Generate reports and summaries to provide insights into accounts receivable performance.</p><p>• Communicate with customers to address inquiries and resolve payment-related issues.</p>
We are looking for a detail-oriented Paralegal to join our team in Boston, Massachusetts, on a long-term contract basis. In this role, you will provide critical support in managing and reviewing trading agreements, ensuring compliance with applicable regulations, and assisting with derivative transactions. This position offers an exciting opportunity to work within the financial services industry and contribute to complex legal processes.<br><br>Responsibilities:<br>• Review and manage a variety of trading agreements, including ISDA Master Agreements, MSTAs, Listed Option Agreements, MRAs, and GMRAs.<br>• Ensure compliance with legal standards and regulations governing derivatives and trading activities.<br>• Conduct legal research and analysis related to derivative instruments and financial transactions.<br>• Support discovery processes and civil litigation efforts in relation to trading and derivatives.<br>• Assist with trial preparation, including document organization and case strategy development.<br>• Utilize case management software to track and manage legal documentation and workflows.<br>• Collaborate with legal teams to address regulatory concerns and resolve legal issues.<br>• Maintain detailed records of agreements and transactions to ensure accuracy and accountability.<br>• Provide guidance on legal matters related to trading and derivative transactions.<br>• Monitor updates in laws and regulations affecting derivatives and adjust practices accordingly.
