The problem: A cover letter is often the first thing a hiring manager sees, and without the right content and structure, it can cost you the interview before they even reach your resume.
The solution: Understanding what to include and what to leave out helps you make a strong first impression, and shows the hiring manager you're the right fit for the role.
The result: A well-crafted cover letter increases your chances of standing out and securing an interview.
How to write a cover letter:
Knowing what to include in a cover letter can be the difference between grabbing a hiring manager's attention, or ending up in the rejection pile.
Similar to a resume, what to put in a cover letter should involve careful consideration before submitting, including the following:
Your contact details Reasons for applying Your qualifications, skills and experience How you can add value to the role on offer Your availability
What should you include in a cover letter?
Search for jobs
Contact details
If your cover letter gets printed off, it will likely be stapled to a CV. Ensure your contact details are easily located on the cover letter – it will make it that much easier for them to pick up the phone and invite you in for an interview.
Formalities
Ensure your cover letter adheres to a formal letter format. This includes addressing the reader by name (if you know it); for example, ‘Dear Stephanie’; or if you don’t know the name, ‘To whom it may concern’. You should also sign your cover letter with a formal ‘Yours sincerely’.
Related: How to write a cover letter
Clear structure
Follow this four-step structure to convince the hiring manager that your CV is the one they should read when you find the perfect role during your job search activities:
Paragraph 1: Tell the employer who you are and why you are contacting them (for example, you saw the job advertised on SEEK or a colleague referred you to the role).
Paragraph 2: Read the job advertisement or job description and make specific reference to three skills and work experience that the hiring manager is looking for. Most importantly, convince the hiring manager why your skills and experience are the right match for the role.
Paragraph 3: Add value. Identify three ways in which you can add value to the business through your unique skill set, experience and personal attributes.
Paragraph 4: State your availability (be specific as to when) for an interview.
Courtesies
This is a simple one, but it’s one of the most important, and easily overlooked, elements of knowing what to write in a cover letter. The hiring manager has just spent valuable time reading your cover letter, and will hopefully invest more reading your CV, interviewing you, and employing you. Ensure you thank them for their time and consideration.
Related: Cover letter strategy
Also related: How to create the perfect cover letter layout
What should you not include in a cover letter?
Flowery language
A cover letter is not the time to use buzzwords and get poetic about your search for the perfect role. Your words should be professional and succinct.
Too much 'I'
Avoid overusing the word 'I', in particular at the beginning of paragraphs.
Skill or experience gaps
Now is not the time to highlight your gaps. However, if there is an essential requirement you do not fulfil, a cover letter is the perfect opportunity to proactively address it.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What should be included in an Australian cover letter?
An effective Australian cover letter should include your local contact details, a formal greeting and a clear four-paragraph structure covering your reasons for applying, relevant skills that map to the job description, how you will add value to the business, and your availability for an interview.
Is a cover letter mandatory when applying for a job in Australia?
While not always required, a tailored cover letter is strongly recommended, even when a job ad doesn't ask for one. It gives you the chance to provide context to your resume and make a case for why you're the right fit.
How do you address a cover letter if you don't know the hiring manager's name?
If you can't find the hiring manager's name through the job description or a quick search, use a formal greeting like "To whom it may concern" or "Dear Hiring Manager." Avoid anything informal, your cover letter sets the tone for your whole application.
How long should a cover letter be?
One page. A focused four-paragraph structure is enough to convey your value without overwhelming the reader.
What should you avoid putting in a cover letter?
Avoid overusing "I", flowery language, and generic buzzwords. Avoid drawing attention to gaps in your experience; if there's a requirement you don't meet, address it briefly and redirect focus to what you do bring to the role.
